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Connectors Components Exposition Technical Tips
Release:Shenzhen Torvenics Electronic Co.,Ltd Data:2023/03/08

1. The origins of connectors

The connector was born out of fighter aircraft manufacturing technology. Aircraft in battle must be refueled and repaired on the ground, and the time spent on the ground is an important factor in winning or losing a battle. Therefore, in World War II, the U.S. military authorities decided to devote themselves to shortening ground maintenance time and increasing the combat time of fighter jets. They first unified various control instruments and parts, and then connected by connectors into a complete system. In repair, the faulty unit is taken apart and replaced with a new one, and the aircraft is immediately airborne. After the war at-T Bell LABS successfully developed the Bell telephone system, and then the rise of the computer, communications and other industries opened up more opportunities for connectors derived from stand-alone technology, and the market expanded rapidly。 Wire to Board/Wire to Wire Connectors
2. Meanings of connectors
A Connector is an appliance (including accessories) used to connect electrical circuits or electronic machinery to each other. The generalized connector refers to the bridge between all signals, which includes all kinds of unitary electronic and electrical modules and components connected into a complete system in a short time。
3. Classification of connectors
3.1 According to the nature of the use of external connector (for external housing), internal connector (for internal housing)。
3.2 According to the processing mode, it can be divided into Crimp Type, I.D.C Type, also known as puncture Type, welding Type and zero insertion Type.。
3.3 Separate wire to board connector, board to board connector, wire to wire connector, socket, input/output connector according to the mode of use。
3.4 According to the form of PCB board connector, flat cable connector, coaxial cable connector, embedded connector, final connector, circular connector, Angle connector, printed wiring board connector。
3.5 According to the structure of general connector, waterproof connector, environmental connector, air tightness connector, fire-resistant connector, water-resistant connector。
4. Connector Composition
Connector by insulator, plug combination, socket combination, wire four parts。
4.1 Insulator: A part used to hold the assemblies in place and to insulate electrical appliances between them。
4.2  A part (terminal or spring) for inserting a rectangular or rounded steel pin or terminal into a socket assembly.。
4.3 Socket assembly: an assembly part containing an elastic function in order to maintain good contact with the plug assembly。
4.4 Wire: use wire commonly, wait like electronic line, platoon line, segregation line。
5. Connector characteristics
5.1 One of the male or female contacts is elastic and the circuit can be ensured by the interconnections of the contacts。
5.2 The terminal part of the contact has a wiring configuration for easy access to wires or printed wiring boards. It is used for welding, sealing, holding, through hole welding and other structures。
5.3 The contact is fixed in the correct position of the insulator, which can be used to maintain the voltage insulation resistance between the contact and each other。
5.4 With coupling structure, easy to insert or disengage contact, after vibration or impact, etc。
6. Use of connectors
Widely used in computer and interface equipment, telecommunications, communication equipment, instruments, video recorders, video players, TELEVISION, electronics enthusiasts, audio, telephone, vehicles, medical, electronic, military and aviation industry products。
二﹑Detailed explanation of the components of the connector
From this brief introduction to connectors, we can see that connectors are a seemingly simple, but actually complex (note that the word "complex" is used here, not "complex"). In terms of materials, the connector is mainly composed of metal materials and plastic materials. For my company, the connector is mainly composed of the following parts: wire (including PVC colloidal particles, copper wire), terminal, Housing, Wafer(including PIN needle, plastic base), etc。
1. Wire rod is introduced
1.1 Wire rod structure
WIRE = insulator (PVC)+ conductor (core WIRE)
Insulator refers to the part of insulating effect of wire exposed outside, my company now mainly refers to PVC adhesive material。
Conductor (core wire) it is the metallic part that shows wire interior has conductive effect, the core wire of general wire differs by its structure to have the following kinds﹕
a. TD Wire: A single wire is tinned
b. AD Wire: a single bare copper wire
c. AS Wire: consisting of multiple wires without tinning (bare copper wire)
d. TS Wire: consists of multiple wires, and each wire is tinned (plated first and then twisted)
e. TC Wire: twisted wires (usually bare copper wires, but also tinned wires) and then tinned (that is, twisted wires and then coated)
1.2 The thickness of the wire
1.2.1 线号---AWG﹕American Wire Gauge
8﹑10﹑12﹑14﹑16﹑18﹑20﹑22﹑24﹑26﹑28﹑30﹑32
1.2.2 Wire diameter and number of cores
Wire Number (AWG) Number of Wires/Core Diameter (mm) Outer Diameter (mm) Cross-sectional area (mm2) Maximum Pair Distance (mm)
32 7/0.08 0.24±0.02 0.035 10.5
30 7/0.102 0.31±0.02 0.055 12.7
28 7/0.127 0.39±0.02 0.088 12.7
26 7/0.160 0.49±0.02 0.14 15.2
24 7/0.203 0.61±0.02 0.22 17.8
22 17/0.160 0.76±0.02 0.34 20.3
20 21/0.180 0.94±0.02 0.52 31.8
18 34/0.180 1.18±0.02 0.82 50.8
16 26/0.254 1.50±0.02 1.32 50.8
14 41/0.254 1.88±0.02 2.08 58.6
12 65/0.254 2.37±0.02 3.3 93.5

1.3 Wire type
1.3.3.1 The electronic line (Hook-up Wire)
a. General electronic line: such as 1007, 1015, 1061, 1095, etc。
b. Irradiated PVC electronic wire: such as 1430, 1431, etc。
c. Double insulated electronic wire: such as 1617, 1672, etc。
d. Teflon attack high temperature line: such as 1199, 1330, etc。
1.3.3.2 Isolate the line (Shielded Wire)
a. Single isolation line: such as 1185, 1354, 1533, 1691, etc。
b. Double isolation line: such as 2547, 2854, 2851, etc。
c. Double and single isolation lines (that is, two single isolation lines are joined together): for example, 2562, 2590。
1.3.3.3 Coaxial cable (Coaxial Cable)
a. PE single core wire is not braided。
b. Braided PE(polyethylene) single - core wire, multi - core wire, such as 1107, 1365, etc。
c. Braiding FRPE(fire resistant polyethylene) single core wire, multi-core wire: such as 1107, 1365, etc。
d. RG type: 1354, 1478, etc。
1.3.3.4 Ribbon Cable (English meaning refers to the Ribbon shaped, ribbon-shaped Cable)
a. Side-by-side lines, such as 2468, are divided into spacing and unspacing。
b. Electronic parallel, such as 1007 parallel, 1015 parallel。
1.3.3.5 Flat Cable (cross refers to Flat, Flat Cable)
a. UL gray line, such as 2651, can be classified as 1.27, 2.54, etc。
b. Ordinary gray row line, and divided into single-sided row line, double-sided row line。
c. Other flat rows。
1.3.3.6 Computer Cable (also called round Cable)
a. UL Cable, such as 2468, 2919。
b. Non-standard Cable line。
1.3.3.7 Braided wire
It is composed of multiple bare copper wires or tinned wires (composed of multiple core wires) by braided, such as 0.12/144 and 0.12/64。
1.4 Specification requirements for wire
1.4.1 Of wire material pledges: the wire material that general connector uses pledges to pledge with be able to bear combustion sex is better for a principle. General wiring must meet THE REQUIREMENTS of UL VW-1 horizontal combustion grade, general isolation line must meet the requirements of VW-1SC combustion grade, the use of temperature limit wire according to the characteristics of the insulator material from 60 to 250℃, and the general use of 80℃ as the benchmark, and AC power supply to 105℃ as the benchmark。


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